GCCS School and College Ability Test (SCAT) Practice

The correct choice—Calvin Cycle—refers to the process in photosynthesis where carbon dioxide is fixed into glucose. Named after the scientist Melvin Calvin, who discovered it, this cycle takes place in the stroma of chloroplasts and does not require light directly, distinguishing it from light-dependent reactions.

The Calvin Cycle consists of three main stages: carbon fixation, reduction, and regeneration of ribulose bisphosphate (RuBP). During carbon fixation, carbon dioxide is incorporated into an organic molecule, which subsequently undergoes a series of transformations to ultimately produce glucose. This cycle is crucial, as it enables plants to convert inorganic carbon into organic compounds, which can then be used for energy and growth.

This process is essential for plant metabolism and contributes to the overall process of converting light energy into chemical energy through photosynthesis. Understanding the Calvin Cycle is fundamental for comprehending how plants synthesize their own food, making it an important component of any discussion on photosynthesis.